"Plant the black, red, gold banner at the summit of the German idea, make it the standard of free mankind, and I will shed my dear heart's blood for it. Rest assured, I love the Fatherland just as much as you do."
জন্ম ১৩ ডিসেম্বর,১৭৯৭ । ডুসেল্ডওর্ফ জার্মান কবি, সাংবাদিক, গদ্যকার এবং সাহিত্য সমালোচক। তিনি পড়াশোনা করছেন যেসব শিক্ষা প্রতিষ্ঠানে - বন,বার্লিন ও গ্যটিঙেন ।
জার্মানির বাইরে তিনি মূলত প্রথমদিকের গীতধর্মী কবিতাগুলোর জন্য জনপ্রিয় হন। তাঁর কবিতাগুলো পরবর্তীতে রবার্ট স্যুম্যান ও ফ্রেঞ্জ স্যুম্যানের মত বিখ্যত সঙ্গিত পরিচালকরা কম্পোজ করে সঙ্গীতে রুপান্তর করেন।
আত্মীয় সলোমন হাইনে, গুস্তাভ হাইনে ভন গেলদার্ন
উল্লেখযোগ্য রচনাবলি :
Buch der Lieder,
Reisebilder,
Germany.
A Winter's Tale,
Atta Troll,
Romanzero
Etc
A list of Heine's major publications in German. All dates are taken from Sammons 1979.
1820 (August): Die Romantik ("Romanticism", short critical essay)
1821 (20 December[89]): Gedichte ("Poems")
1822 (February to July): Briefe aus Berlin ("Letters from Berlin")
1823 (January): Über Polen ("On Poland", prose essay)
1823 (April): Tragödien nebst einem lyrischen Intermezzo ("Tragedies with a Lyrical Intermezzo") includes:
Almansor (play, written 1821–1822)
William Ratcliff (play, written January 1822)
Lyrisches Intermezzo (cycle of poems)
1826 (May): Reisebilder. Erster Teil ("Travel Pictures I"), contains:
Die Harzreise ("The Harz Journey", prose travel work)
Die Heimkehr ("The Homecoming", poems)
Die Nordsee. Erste Abteilung ("North Sea I", cycle of poems)
1827 (April): Reisebilder. Zweiter Teil ("Travel Pictures II"), contains:
Die Nordsee. Zweite Abteilung ("The North Sea II", cycle of poems)
Die Nordsee. Dritte Abteilung ("The North Sea III", prose essay)
Ideen: das Buch le Grand ("Ideas: The Book of Le Grand")
Briefe aus Berlin ("Letters from Berlin", a much shortened and revised version of the 1822 work)
1827 (October): Buch der Lieder [de] ("Book of Songs"); collection of poems containing the following sections:
Junge Leiden ("Youthful Sorrows")
Die Heimkehr ("The Homecoming", originally published 1826)
Lyrisches Intermezzo ("Lyrical Intermezzo", originally published 1823)
"Aus der Harzreise" (poems from Die Harzreise, originally published 1826)
Die Nordsee ("The North Sea: Cycles I and II", originally published 1826/1827)
1829 (December): Reisebilder. Dritter Teil ("Travel Pictures III"), contains:
Die Reise von München nach Genua ("Journey from Munich to Genoa", prose travel work)
Die Bäder von Lucca ("The Baths of Lucca", prose travel work)
Anno 1829
1831 (January): Nachträge zu den Reisebildern ("Supplements to the Travel Pictures"), the second edition of 1833 was retitled as Reisebilder. Vierter Teil ("Travel Pictures IV"), contains:
1831 (April): Zu "Kahldorf über den Adel" (introduction to the book "Kahldorf on the Nobility", uncensored version not published until 1890)
1833: Französische Zustände ("Conditions in France", collected journalism)
1833 (December): Der Salon. Erster Teil ("The Salon I"), contains:
Französische Maler ("French Painters", criticism)
Aus den Memoiren des Herren von Schnabelewopski ("From the Memoirs of Herr Schnabelewopski", unfinished novel)
1835 (January): Der Salon. Zweiter Teil ("The Salon II"), contains:
Zur Geschichte der Religion und Philosophie in Deutschland ("On the History of Religion and Philosophy in Germany")
Neuer Frühling ("New Spring", cycle of poems)
1835 (November): Die romantische Schule ("The Romantic School", criticism)
1837 (July): Der Salon. Dritter Teil ("The Salon III"), contains:
Florentinische Nächte ("Florentine Nights", unfinished novel)
Elementargeister ("Elemental Spirits", essay on folklore)
1837 (July): Über den Denunzianten. Eine Vorrede zum dritten Teil des Salons. ("On the Denouncer. A Preface to Salon III", pamphlet)
1837 (November): Einleitung zum "Don Quixote" ("Introduction to Don Quixote", preface to a new German translation of Don Quixote)
1838 (November): Der Schwabenspiegel ("The Mirror of Swabia", prose work attacking poets of the Swabian School)
1838 (October): Shakespeares Mädchen und Frauen ("Shakespeare's Girls and Women", essays on the female characters in Shakespeare's tragedies and histories)
1839: Anno 1839
1840 (August): Ludwig Börne. Eine Denkschrift ("Ludwig Börne: A Memorial", long prose work about the writer Ludwig Börne)
1840 (November): Der Salon. Vierter Teil ("The Salon IV"), contains:
Der Rabbi von Bacherach ("The Rabbi of Bacharach", unfinished historical novel)
Über die französische Bühne ("On the French Stage", prose criticism)
1844 (September): Neue Gedichte ("New Poems"); contains the following sections:
Neuer Frühling ("New Spring", originally published in 1834)
Verschiedene ("Sundry Women")
Romanzen ("Ballads")
Zur Ollea ("Olio")
Zeitgedichte ("Poems for the Times")
it also includes Deutschland: Ein Wintermärchen (Germany. A Winter's Tale, long poem)
1847 (January): Atta Troll: Ein Sommernachtstraum (Atta Troll: A Midsummer Night's Dream, long poem, written 1841–46)
1851 (September): Romanzero; collection of poems divided into three books:
Erstes Buch: Historien ("First Book: Histories")
Zweites Buch: Lamentationen ("Second Book: Lamentations")
Drittes Buch: Hebräische Melodien ("Third Book: Hebrew Melodies")
1851 (October): Der Doktor Faust. Tanzpoem ("Doctor Faust. Dance Poem", ballet libretto, written 1846)
1854 (October): Vermischte Schriften ("Miscellaneous Writings") in three volumes, contains:
Volume One:
Geständnisse ("Confessions", autobiographical work)
Die Götter im Exil ("The Gods in Exile", prose essay)
Die Göttin Diana ("The Goddess Diana", ballet scenario, written 1846)
Ludwig Marcus: Denkworte ("Ludwig Marcus: Recollections", prose essay)
Gedichte. 1853 und 1854 ("Poems. 1854 and 1854")
Volume Two:
Lutezia. Erster Teil ("Lutetia I", collected journalism about France)
Volume Three:
Lutezia. Zweiter Teil ("Lutetia II", collected journalism about France.
তাঁর অনেক কবিতা রাজনৈতিক ব্যাঙ্গ বিদ্রুপময় হওয়ায় জার্মান সরকার সেগুলো নিষিদ্ধ ঘোষণা করেছিল। মূলত তিনি রোমান্টিসিজম সাহিত্য আন্দোলনের কবি ছিলেন।
তিনি তাঁর জীবনের শেষ পঁচিশ বছর ফ্রান্সে নির্বাসনে কাটান এবং ১৭ ফেব্রুয়ারি ১৮৫৬ সালে পরলোক গমন করেন।বয়স ৫৮,
প্যারিস, ফ্রান্স।
Allnächtlich im Traume seh ich dich,
Und sehe dich freundlich grüßen,
Und laut aufweinend stürz ich mich
Zu deinen süßen Füßen.
Du siehst mich an wehmütiglich,
Und schüttelst das blonde Köpfchen;
Aus deinen Augen schleichen sich
Die Perlentränentröpfchen.
Du sagst mir heimlich ein leises Wort,
Und gibst mir den Strauß von Zypressen.
Ich wache auf, und der Strauß ist fort,
Und das Wort hab ich vergessen.
Nightly I see you in dreams – you speak,
With kindliness sincerest,
I throw myself, weeping aloud and weak
At your sweet feet, my dearest.
You look at me with wistful woe,
And shake your golden curls;
And stealing from your eyes there flow
The teardrops like to pearls.
You breathe in my ear a secret word,
A garland of cypress for token.
I wake; it is gone; the dream is blurred,
And forgotten the word that was spoken.
(Poetic translation by Hal Draper)
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